Source

DMP TRU Workshop

Date:

2004/04/30

Title

List of Digital Enabled Usages

No.

0071/Los Angeles

01

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

On-line storage of a large amount of digital media

2.

Summary description of DEU

Housing, serving, and maintaining a large amount of DM content on a server connected to the network.

3.

Example usages of DEU

·         On-Demand services

·         Storage solution

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

·         High availability

·         Mobility

·         Affordability

7.

Requirements

8.

References

02

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Browsing a DM database

2.

Summary description of DEU

To explore a collection of information about DM content organized and presented to serve a specific purpose.

3.

Example usages of DEU

·         Internet Movie Database

·         Electronic Program Guide

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

·         Access to knowledge

·         Orientation and power of judgment

·         Decision- making ability

7.

Requirements

1.      Support for listing of DMP conforming content.

2.      Support for meta data navigation.

2.1.   Sorting on fields

2.2.   Searching on field data

2.3.   Filtering on field data

3.      Support for indicating a selection from a listing.

8.

References

1.      MPEG-7

2.      TVAnytime

3.      ID3

4.      Grace Note

5.      CDDB

6.      IMDB

03

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Network distributed storage of a large amount of DM

2.

Summary description of DEU

To store the same DM content in different places on multiple storage media.

3.

Example usages of DEU

·         High availability storage solutions

·         Video-On-Demand solutions

·         P2P service

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

·         No single point of failure

·         High availability

7.

Requirements

8.

References

04.

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Simultaneous distribution of digital media to a large number of specially selected recipients

2.

Summary description of DEU

To simultaneously distribute DM content to a group of End-users known to the sender

3.

Example usages of DEU

·         Digital Pay-TV

·         Internet Streaming

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

·         Addressing a large audience

·         Limitation of the audience

7.

Requirements

8.

References

05

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Accessing governed content with a single device

2.

Summary description of DEU

To access content which one or more parties have assigned rights to using an End-user device

3.

Example usages of DEU

·         Satellite receiver with DVB common interface

·         TV including a “pod” module

·         Digital television receiver that evaluates the broadcast flag

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

·         Independence of service provider

·         Choice of security solutions

7.

Requirements

1.      Negotiation and adaptation of DRM requirements/capabilities.

2.      Negotiation and adaptation of content format.

8.

References

06

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Making perfect copies of content

2.

Summary description of DEU

To make a secondary representation of DM content

3.

Example usages of DEU

1.        To copy a text to the clipboard

2.        To copy an audio file to a storage medium

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

·         Quality

·         Availability

·         Affordability

7.

Requirements

1.        Support for making a copy of the content in its original form

2.        Support for indicating the authorization for making a copy

8.

References

07

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Making content accessible to anybody connected to the network

2.

Summary description of DEU

Publishing content

3.

Example usages of DEU

·         Websites

·         Internet radio stations

·         Public service broadcaters

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

·         Publicity

·         Access

·         Affordability

·         Public Knowledge

7.

Requirements

8.

References

08.

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Automatically assigning descriptors to content

2.

Summary description of DEU

Linking content and a description thereof

3.

Example usages of DEU

·         Providing metadata for content that is locally stored

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

09

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Automatically transforming content representation

2.

Summary description of DEU

Changing the syntax or the depiction of content while retaining the semantics

3.

Example usages of DEU

·         Computer generated language translation

·         Reading aloud

·         Conversion to braille

·         Magnification of text and images

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

·         Understanding

·         Ease of use

7.

Requirements

8.

References

10

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Adapting content for use in different environments

2.

Summary description of DEU

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

3.        Support the declaration of information necessary for the adaptation of content

4.        Support for the communication of adaptation information

5.        Support for adaptation negotiation

8.

References

11

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Making electronic transactions

2.

Summary description of DEU

The conduct of commerce in goods and services over the Internet

3.

Example usages of DEU

"The foundations on which electronic commerce is based started 125 years ago with the use of telegraph technology to relay information concerning the transfer of funds, such as the stock ticker and Western Union's Money Transfer system. Payment for goods with payment instruments and representations thereof, namely the advent of credit cards in 1914, revolutionized commerce for consumers, as needs for efficiency and ease of transactions were met. Banks were the first institutions to automate commerce functions. The formation of First Data Resources and First Financial Management Corporation in 1971 as credit card processors for banks integrated banking with technological improvements. Electronic commerce continued in the 1980's with the advent of Automatic Tellers, or ATM's, in 1986. The same technology - information traveling electronically over wires - was the basis for the Internet" [1]

Usages of electronic transactions include:

• Selling of books and CDs on websites (e.g. amazon.com)
• Online-Auctioning (e.g. ebay)
• Business-to-Business Trade (e.g. via Electronic Data Interchange (EDI))

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

• TRU to communicate privately
• TRU of contractual commerce
• TRU to choose security

5.

Enabling technologies

"The prevailing issues concerning on-line commerce are how to maintain and evaluate the authenticity, confidentiality, integrity, and delivery of electronic transmissions. It is essential to ensure that messages from both consumers and producers can be attributed to a reliable party, aren't seen by unintended viewers, arrive unchanged from their original form, and are actually delivered."[2]

6.

Benefits of DEU

"The emerging digital economy has the potential to be an engine of growth for the world economy for the next quarter of a century if we can put the right framework in place to allow it to grow and flourish."[2]

7.

Requirements

  Support of a broad range of payment methods and mechanisms [3]

8.

References

[1] - Electronic Commerce, University of Virginia, Computer Science Class Project, 1998
[2] - Interview with Ira Magaziner, senior advisor to the president for policy development, 1997
[3] amazon.com -- click Help/Ordering/Payment_Methods_We_Accept - "Amazon.com accepts American Express, Diners Club, Discover, JCB, MasterCard, Eurocard, Visa, Visa Check Cards, Amazon.com gift certificates, and checks, money orders, or cashier's checks denominated in U.S. dollars and drawn on a U.S. bank. Additionally, we accept Borders Gift Cards and Waldenbooks Gift Cards as payment for qualifying orders. We do not currently accept direct wire transfers or Smart Cards"

12

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Authenticating a device

2.

Summary description of DEU

Ascertaining the identity of a device, i.e. verifying that a device really is the one it claims to be.

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

1.      Negotiation of device authentication method.

8.

References

13

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Repurposing content

2.

Summary description of DEU

A distinct DM experience using parts or all of another collection of DM and reassembling it in such a manner that its new form suits a distinct purpose. Although DM assets are likely to undergo conversions of bit structure, rendering and representation, the pre-existing assets are expected to be worth a work-saving head start on the process of creating the new work. To be distinguished from a mere format conversion because it necessitates a human mind to direct the final result so it will be suitable for consumption by other minds. Can also include a personal edited reassembly in the case of an End-User who is creating repurposed DM solely for themselves.

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

14.

Criteria

1.

Name of DEU

Extracting content to create new content

2.

Summary description of DEU

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

15

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Assembling content to create new content and disassembling

2.

Summary description of DEU

Unite different parts that may differ in content type into one piece of content, and being able to decompose such content afterwards.

3.

Example usages of DEU

• MPEG-4

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

16

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Identifying and tracking physical objects

2.

Summary description of DEU

Technology that uses devices attached to physical objects that transmit data to an RFID receiver.

3.

Example usages of DEU

·         Tracking of people

·         Tracking of goods

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

·         Remote identification of physical objects

7.

Requirements

8.

References

17

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Distributed computing

2.

Summary description of DEU

A parallel or networked use of computer processing power such that extensive calculations are performed away from the End-User's computing device, allowing demanding tasks to be broken up into small parts that can run almost unnoticed on an End-User's machine in the background, distinct from and invisible to the tasks the End-User directs. Depending on the calculations desired and the computer processing power available, such tasks can also be completed by a "render farm" providing processing as a utility service. Suitable for rendering of textured animations.

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

18.

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Automatic extraction of features from content

2.

Summary description of DEU

Deriving attributes from content that can be used for identifying, synthesizing, and browsing of content.

3.

Example usages of DEU

§         Extraction of Audio Fingerprints

§         WAV2MIDI

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

19

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Synthesising content

2.

Summary description of DEU

The combining and processing of ideas, content elements, or content features to create new, more complex content.

3.

Example usages of DEU

§         Synthesis of audio from MIDI Data

§         Speech Synthesis from ASCII Data

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

20

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Content identification

2.

Summary description of DEU

Making digital contents identifiable by information systems by attaching some identifiable information related to them such as title, creator, data of creation, unique number, and so on.

3.

Example usages of DEU

Uniqueness and persistence are key features for an ID number to be valid. Uniqueness should be guaranteed within the boundary of a business model and a persistent way of issuing an ID number need to be established.

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

1.      Support for the unambiguous and unique identification of content.

8.

References

21

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Description of human profiles (digital identity)

2.

Summary description of DEU

Data somewhat similar to or comprising an "ontology" containing rules and data modeling the human behavior of the End-User. For example, DM preferences can guide personalisation engines to obtain listings of DM offerings likely to be desired by the End-User based on statistically weighting common features of DM or answers to multiple-choice questions completed by or for the End-User. This does not apply to "Digital ID" and the identity referred to has more the quality of a "virtual avatar" and could potentially actually be one, particularly if anonymity is desired.

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

22

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Authenticating Users

2.

Summary description of DEU

Ascertaining the identity of a User, i.e. verifying that a User really is the one he claims to be.

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

2.      Negotiation of User authentication method.

8.

References

23

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Expressing contracts and rights

2.

Summary description of DEU

Declaring allowed access and usages- Declaring the conditions of usage of a user so as to extract a data structure pertaining to applicable permissions for future use or ongoing status(es) for preferred use of DM.

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

1.      Binding contracts and rights to specific content

2.      Binding contracts and rights to a specific User or groups of Users

3.      Binding contracts and rights to a specific device or class of devices

4.      Machine readable contracts and rights

5.      Determination of contracts and rights authenticity and integrity.

8.

References

24.

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Content use accounting

2.

Summary description of DEU

General tabulation of use data, suitable for the determination of related billing or for the compilation of demographic data.

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

25

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Automatic generation of an audit trail

2.

Summary description of DEU

For the purpose of auditing legality, regarding transactions are logged in an automatic way.

3.

Example usages of DEU

Argument may happen in e-commerce. To resolve the argument Relevant log should be automatically generated and can be traceable.

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

1.      Support for tracking content usage

2.      Support for marking content with transaction information

8.

References

26

Criteria

1.

Name of DEU

Monitoring of usage

2.

Summary description of DEU

Tracing and logging which content is used and how it is used by each of value chain players.

3.

Example usages of DEU

Monitoring of content usage can ensure that the legality of content use can be established. Moreover, in the viewpoint of service provider, personalized service is possible by analyzing the data collected from many players. However, infringing one’s privacy to protect one’s right is prohibited in any way.

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

27

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Verifying integrity of content

2.

Summary description of DEU

Assuring that content has not been altered or tampered with.

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

1.      Support for detecting un-authorized changes in the content

a.       Support for verification of integrity

b.      Support for authenticating integrity verification data

8.

References

28.

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Verifying authenticity of content

2.

Summary description of DEU

Ascertaining the identity and source of content, i.e. verifying that the content really is the one it claims to be, and that it really comes from the stated source.

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

1.      Support for verifying the source of content

8.

References

29

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Customisation of human interface

2.

Summary description of DEU

Making the handle of the hammer fit the user's hand - Adaptations and changes made to the form and design of the interface appearance and physical structure in order to optimise ease-of-use by the user (and/or ease of manufacture). Can include adaptations made for unique individual characteristics or unusual characteristics common to the disabled or others with special needs.

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

30

Criteria

1.

Name of DEU

Unmodifiable storage of large amounts of digital media

2.

Summary description of DEU

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

31

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Attaching information to content in a persistent way

2.

Summary description of DEU

Contents are delivered and distributed together with representative information, or metadata, which is attached in the form of file format or registered in accessible repositories. The information should not be changed by unauthorized entity and should be maintained unchanged by both technology and policy.

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

32

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Encryption and decryption of content

2.

Summary description of DEU

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

2.      Support for declaring and negotiating content encryption/decryption algorithms

3.      Requirements #66 – 69, #73 – 76, 79,

8.

References

33

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Non-repudiation

2.

Summary description of DEU

Evidence used to prevent a value chain player from denying the origin, transmission, or delivery of a message or data.

3.

Example usages of DEU

§         Non-repudiation of receipts signed by a shop

§         Non-repudiation of the origin of content that has been signcrypted by a user

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

34

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Verifying quality of service

2.

Summary description of DEU

Determination of some measured value by which to assess meaningful features of service, especially for features relevant to user satisfaction but also in order to configure efficient provision of service (for example controlled reductions in QOS). For example, measuring standard bandwith characteristics such as bits per second or packet loss.

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

35

Criteria

1.

Name of DEU

Creation and editing of content

2.

Summary description of DEU

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

36

Criteria

1.

Name of DEU

Navigating multiple distributed databases

2.

Summary description of DEU

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

8.

References

37

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Software integrity verification and authentication

2.

Summary description of DEU

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

1.      Support for the digital signing and subsequent verification of code elements.

8.

References

38.

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Use of a secure clock

2.

Summary description of DEU

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

1.      Protocols for connecting to a source of secure time.

8.

References

39

Criteria

Description

1.

Name of DEU

Secure storage

2.

Summary description of DEU

3.

Example usages of DEU

4.

TRUs related to this DEU

5.

Enabling technologies

6.

Benefits of DEU

7.

Requirements

1.      Support for the secure local storage of large amounts of data

8.

References